Coumarin
Chromen-2-one ; Benzo-alpha-pyrone ; 2-oxo-1,2-benzopyran ; 1-benzopyran-2-one ; 1,2-benzopyrone ; Chromenone ; Coumarinic acid lactone ; Coumarinic anhydride ; Cumarin ; Ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid delta-lactone ; Ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid lactone ; 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic lactone ; Tonka bean camphor
Photo credits: ScenTree SAS
General Presentation
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CAS N° : : 91-64-5
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EINECS number : 202-086-7
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FEMA number : Donnée indisponible.
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Density : 1,247
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Optical rotation : Lorem Ipsum
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Allergens : This ingredient does not contain any allergen.
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Refractive Index @20°C : Lorem Ipsum
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Volatility : Heart
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Price Range : €
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Appearance : White solid
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FLAVIS number : Donnée indisponible.
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JECFA number : Donnée indisponible.
Information on synthetic ingredients
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Acid Value : Lorem Ipsum
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Boiling Point : 297°C
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Detection Threshold : 34 et 50 ppb (0,000005%)
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Molecular formula : C9H6O2
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Log P : Donnée indisponible.
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Molecular Weight : 146,14 g/mol
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Fusion Point : 71°C
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Flash Point : 162°C
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Vapor pressure : Lorem Ipsum
Uses
Other comments :
Coumarin is one of the 26 allergens in perfumery.
Its smell is similar to Dihydrocoumarin and less fruity than Octahydrocoumarin.
Its detection threshold is
Stability :
Coumarin gets red in alkaline functional bases.
Uses in perfumery :
Coumarin is a key element in the composition of oriental and fougere notes. Allows to bring a gourmand and vanillic facet to all types of accords. Good fixator.
Year of discovery :
Discovered in 1868. English chemist William Henry Perkin synthesized Coumarin for the first time, twenty years after its natural discovery by German chemist Friedrich Whöler. The industrial synthesis of Coumarin only started in 1877.
Isomerism :
Coumarin does not have any isomer used in perfumery.
Synthesis precursor :
Coumarin allows the synthesis of several perfume compounds. In a diluted alkaline medium, it can be hydrolysed to be converted to cis-2-Hydroxycinnamic acid. In a concentrated alkaline medium, at a hot temperature and in the presence of ethanol, the resulting product is trans-2-Hydroxycinnamic acid. Dihydrocoumarin is obtained by a catalytic hydrogenation of coumarin. Hydrogenation at a high temperature (392-482 °F) allows to synthesize Octahydrocoumarin.
Natural availability :
Coumarin is present in several plant extracts, including Tonka Bean Absolute, Hay Absolute or sweet woodruff, of which it is the major constituent and from which it can be extracted in its natural state.
Synthesis route :
Coumarin is synthesized from Salicylaldehyde by a Perkin synthesis. This reaction consists in reacting Salicylaldehyde with acetic anhydride in the presence of sodium acetate at a high temperature. Acetic acid also results from this reaction and is the most used method.
Regulations & IFRA
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IFRA 51th : This ingredient is restricted by IFRA
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Restriction type : RESTRICTION
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Cause of restriction : DERMAL SENSITIZATION AND SYSTEMIC TOXICITY
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Amendment : 49
- Quantitative limit on the use :
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Cat.1 Cat.2 Cat.3 Cat.4 Cat.5A Cat.5B Cat.5C Cat.5D Cat.6 0,089 % 0,08 % 0,089 % 1,5 % 0,38 % 0,11 % 0,16 % 0,035 % 0,0024 % Cat.7A Cat.7B Cat.8 Cat.9 Cat.10A Cat.10B Cat.11A Cat.11B Cat.12 0,18 % 0,18 % 0,035 % 0,52 % 0,52 % 1,6 % 0,035 % 0,035 % 33 %
